Kursk: Drive on Prokhorovka Final Version

PROKHOROVKA 3.0

10 JULY 1943 – 15 JULY 1943

VICTORY CONDITIONS

The game starts on the 10 July PM turn and ends on the 15 July PM turn. If the Germans capture all four town sections of Prokhorovka by the end of the game, the German player wins.

If the LAH 1^st SS PG Division ever fails its Morale check, higher command begins withdrawing units from the attack as the operational focus of the II SS Panzer Corps begins to focus on encircling the Soviet Rifle Corps south of the battlefield. The reinforcements from the Das Reich Division (received on 12 July PM) are immediately removed. On each subsequent German Morale card, an additional German command is chosen by the German player and removed.

TERRAIN

• All woods are Class III woods.
• All hills are Class II hills for movement purposes only.
• The Oktiabrskii State Farm complex is a 6” by 6” Class II town section and can provide cover for 4 deployed units.
• The Psel villages are each a 4” by 4” Class II town section and can provide cover for 2 deployed units. They are named (from West to East): Vaselivka, Andreevka, Mikhailovka, Prelestnoe, and Petrovka.
• All other town sections are 6” by 6” Class III cover and can provide cover for 4 deployed units. Prokhorovka consists of four Class III town sections.
• The Brick Factory is 2” by 4” Class III cover and can provide cover for 2 deployed units
• The railroad embankment is a Class II linear obstacle that blocks LOS unless a unit is in contact with it.

Remember, vehicle units treat terrain as one class worse (Class II becomes Class III, etc.), so woods are impassable to vehicles and vehicles can't deploy in Class III town sections. They can be in them and drive through them, but they don't benefit from the cover. The exception to this are recon vehicles (see below).

SCENARIO RULES

The German player has a D12 Initiative die and a Superior deck. The Soviet player uses a D10 Initiative die and an Average deck.

Reinforcement arrival

German reinforcements arrive on the western short table edge and Soviet reinforcements normally (see special rule below) arrive on the eastern short table edge. Reinforcements can be deployed on the table edge at the start of their arrival turn. Reinforcements can also be held off the table. If they are held off the table, reinforcements can then only be deployed on the table on a friendly Move card. The newly deployed reinforcements can move on the Move card that deployed them.

AT gun bunker companies are deployed at the start of their arrival turn anywhere within 10” of friendly units and further than 5” from enemy units.

Adjacent divisions and special Soviet reinforcement arrival

An SS Panzergrenadier division was fighting on each flank of the 1^st SS PG Division, Totenkopf on the left and Das Reich on the right.

Their slow progress constantly endangered the flanks of the 1^st SS PG Division. A marker on the North and South sides of the gaming table represents the positions of each of these flanking divisions. The markers begin one foot east of the West table edge. At the end of each non-Night turn, the German player rolls a D6 for each marker. On a “6” the marker is moved 1' toward Prokhorovka (East). A +1 (cumulative) is added to the next die roll each time the die roll fails to advance the marker.

Normally, Soviet reinforcements enter on the East board edge. In each turn, the Soviet player can declare he is bringing on one reinforcing brigade on the North or South board edge. These reinforcements and the board edge must be announced on a Move card. The reinforcing brigade appears on the declared board edge on the next Move card at any position east of the SS Division card on its board edge. The brigade may not move until the next Move card appears.

Air Support

10 July: 1 German Air Support card (Bad weather!)

11 July: 3 German Air Support cards

Rest of game: 3 German Air Support cards, 1 Soviet Air Support Card

Artillery

10 July: German (D10, D10, D12) Soviet (D10)

11 July: German (D10, D10, D12) Soviet (D10, D10)

12 July: Before AM turn begins, Soviets can drop a six template D12 artillery barrage. No drift.

German (D10, D10, D12) Soviet (D10, D12, D10)

Rest of game: German German (D10, D10, D12) Soviet (D10, D12, D10, D12)

The order of the artillery fire die strengths is important. That is the order in which the particular spotting rounds are placed on C&C cards. Once the Indirect Fire card is drawn, the sequence begins again.

Dug In

Units in the open (Class I terrain) or woods might be described as “Dug In.” These are not bunker companies. Dug In units enjoy Class II cover (unless surrounding cover is better) and do not have to fall back.

They can voluntarily leave their entrenchments only on an Even movement roll. They can only Close Assault on the Close Assault card.

Individual infantry units can dig in during Night turns on a Move card as long as they make a successful Engineering check vs. a D6.

Minefields

AT minefields are 8” wide and 2” deep. Combat die D10 vs. vehicles, D4 vs. infantry. The Soviets can place 3 minefields before the 11 July AM turn. Mine fields must be placed west of the German advance. A minefields can be removed when 2 units in contact with the minefield make a successful Engineering check vs. a D10.

Anti-Tank ditch

One 12” long AT ditch can be placed on the table west of the German advance by the Soviet player at the beginning of any one AM turn. The ditch cannot cross the railroad embankment or be placed in woods. The ditch is impassable to vehicles and a Class II obstacle to other units. Once three separate units in contact with the ditch make successful Engineering checks vs. a D10, the ditch is removed.

GERMAN CHARACTERISTICS

Forward Observer: D12 Engineering: D10 Anti-Aircraft: D10

• The Germans have 50 morale points for the entire division. They never gain morale points.
• German units described as regiments are major command groups. All other German units not described below are battalion command groups.
• All German command stands are D12 command stands.
• German major command groups roll D12 Move dice as regiments, but can roll for movement as individual command groups on an Even move roll.
• The German recon battalion is self-ordered, has no command stand and is always in command. They ignore command integrity and roll D12 Move/Rally dice as a command group. Recon units move through Class II terrain with no penalty. Recon units ignore the entrance cost to enter Class III terrain.
• The German AT battalion is not a battalion command group and has no command stand. Its units roll D12 for movement and rally, but if they move, AT units must move toward a German battalion command group. Once they are within command range of a battalion command group, AT units are considered attached and can move and rally with that group's command stand.
• Dismounted German panzer grenadiers benefit from ONE Superior Firepower card added to the German deck.
• German infantry have Full(Integrated) AT capability
• Germans are Combined Arms capable.
• All panzer grenadiers attached to Panzer battalions are halftrack-equipped . All other panzer grenadiers ride in trucks.

SOVIET CHARACTERISTICS

Forward Observer: D8 Engineering: D12 Anti-Aircraft: D8

• Soviet brigades, separate infantry battalions, and regiments are major command groups for morale purposes. Soviet major command groups have morale points equal to the number of companies in the brigade. They check morale individually. If they fail a morale check, they are removed from the table.
• Soviet brigades and regiments roll for movement as major command groups. They cannot roll for movement as battalion command groups. Any major command group that includes armor stands rolls a D8 for movement. All-infantry major command groups roll a D10 for movement.
• Separate infantry battalions move with their own D10 command stand.
• Soviet tank brigades have two commands divided into an armor battalion command group (D8 command die) and an infantry battalion command group (D10 command stand). These command stands are only used for rallying and to determine command integrity. Infantry and tank companies from the same tank brigade can support each other.
• Soviet infantry brigades have three battalion command groups (D10) command stands). These command stands are only used for rallying and to determine command integrity.
• SP gun regiments roll D8 for movement, but they have no command stands. Their units may be rallied by any command stand within range (only once per C&C card).
• AT artillery regiments are gun bunker companies with Class III cover. They never fail morale checks and fight to the death. They can be suppressed and lose strength points.
• Soviet infantry have Limited AT capability.
• Soviets are Combined Arms capable.

Order of Battle.

10 JULY PM TURN 1 START

2^nd SS PGR REGIMENT

• I/2^nd PG (3 Infantry companies, 1 Tiger company, 1 D12 command stand, 3 trucks)
• II/2^nd PG (3 Infantry companies, 1 PzIV company, 1 D12 command stand, 3 trucks)

1^st SS PZR REGIMENT

• I/1^st Pz (3 Panzer IV companies, 2 infantry companies, 1 D12 command stands, 2 halftracks)
• II/1^st Pz (3 Panzer IV companies, 1 infantry companies, 1 D12 command stands, 1 halftrack)

1^st SS RECON BN (1 233 company, 1 222 company, 1 infantry company, 1 halftrack)

Each Panzer IV company starts with 1 SP lost.

The Tiger company starts with 2 SP lost.

“DUG IN” ON HILL 241.6

26TH TB/ 2ND TC ( 2 T34 companies, 3 Infantry companies, D8 command stand)

• 1502ND AT REGT( 1 76mm AT bunker company)
• 48TH AT REGT ( 1 76mm AT bunker company)

STOROZHEVOE AND STOROZHEVOE WOODS

169TH TB / 2ND TC ( 2 T34 companies, 5 Infantry companies (reinforcements from 285 RR), D10 and D8 command stands)

DEPLOYED AT OKTIABRSKII STATE FARM

3/285 RIFLE REGIMENT (3 infantry companies, D10 command stand)

DEPLOYED OR DUG IN AT VASILEVKA VILLAGE (PSEL RIVER VALLEY)

99TH TB/ 2ND TC ( 3 T34 companies, 2 Infantry companies, D8 command stand)

DEPLOYED OR DUG IN AT ANDREEVKA VILLAGE (PSEL RIVER VALLEY)

One BN FROM 11TH MRB/ 10TH TC (3 Infantry companies, D10 command stand, 3 trucks)

9TH GRD ABN DIV “DUG IN” DEFENDING FROM OKTIABRSKII FARM TO IAMSKI

(cannot move until 11 July AM Turn)

(23^rd, 26^th, 28^th GAR [9 infantry companies , 3 D10 command stands each])

26^th astride Prokhorovka road to Oktiabrski State Farm, 23^rd with 2 BN's south of 26^th and 1 BN in Prokhorovka suburbs, 28^th in reserve north of Prokhorovka.

10 JULY NIGHT TURN 2

58TH MR BDE/2ND TC ARRIVES ( 9 Infantry companies, 3 D10 command stands, trucks)

2/287^th GUARDS RIFLE REGT ARRIVES (3 infantry companies, D10 command stand)

11 JULY AM TURN 3

1^st SS PGR REGIMENT

• 3 battalions (3 Infantry companies, 1 Stug III company, D12 command stand, 3 trucks each)

1^st SS AT BN (3 Marder III companies)

57^th HEAVY TANK REGT (4 KV-1 tank companies, 2 infantry companies, D8 command stand)

301^st AT ARTY REGT (1 76mm AT bunker company)

11 JULY NIGHT TURN 5

18^th TANK CORPS (181^st TB, 170^th TB, 110^th TB) NORTH OF PROKHOROVKA

• 110^th TB (3 T34 companies, 3 Infantry companies, D10 and D8 command stands, 3 trucks)
• 170^th TB (3 T34 companies, 3 Infantry companies, D10 and D8 command stands, 3 trucks)
• 181^st TB (3 T34 companies, 3 Infantry companies, D10 and D8 command stands, 3 trucks)
• 32^nd MR BRIGADE (9 infantry companies, 3 D10 command stands, 9 trucks)

36^th GDS SEP HVY TANK REGT (2 Churchill companies)

29TH TANK CORPS (31^st TB, 32^nd TB, 25^th TB, IN PROKHOROVKA.

• 25^th TB (5 T34 companies, 3 Infantry companies, D10 and D8 command stands, 3 trucks)
• 31^st TB (5 T34 companies, 3 Infantry companies, D10 and D8 command stands, 3 trucks)
• 32^nd TB (6 T34 companies, 3 Infantry companies, D10 and D8 command stands, 3 trucks)
• 53^rd MR BRIGADE (9 infantry companies, 3 D10 command stands, 9 trucks)

ADDITIONAL UNITS:

1446TH SP GUN REGT(1 SU-76 company, 1 SU-122 company)

53RD GDS TANK REGT (4 T-34 tank companies, D8 command stand)

127^th GDS RIFLE REGT (9 infantry companies, 3 D10 command stands)

136^th GDS RIFLE REGT (9 infantry companies, 3 D10 command stands)

12 JULY AM TURN 6 SOVIET ARTY PREP

• 1000TH AT REGT ( 1 76mm AT bunker company)

• 1529TH SP GUN REGT (1 SU152 company).

12 JULY PM TURN 7

Appears on southern long table edge anywhere west of Das Reich progress marker:

DAS REICH 3RD PZGR REGIMENT “DEUTSCHLAND”

• I/3^rd SS PZGR (1 PzIV company, 2 infantry companies, 1 D12 command stand, trucks
• II/3^rd SS PZGR (1 PzIV company, 2 infantry companies, 1 D12 command stand, trucks)

ENDS 15 JULY

APPENDIX A – DESIGNER NOTES

1. Soviet light tanks. The Soviet tank units still had an amazingly high percentage of light tanks in their armored battalions. Soviet industry needed something for their light industry to produce. Approximately 1/3 of the Soviet tanks were lightly armored T-70 tanks which were not capable of fighting the German medium tanks at anything but the closest ranges. These light tanks suffered tremendous casualties because they basically fought in the front line along with the T-34 companies. Some brigade commanders did try to organize the T-34’s into a lead battalion and the T-70’s into a follow-on battalion, but I’m not sure how much this helped.

I play this game using my 10mm miniatures and since Pithead has not yet produced a T-70 tank in 10mm, I don’t field the light tank companies. I basically just convert the T-70’s into T-34’s at a combat ratio of about 2:1. Also, when I consider the game scale of FOBWW2, I’m not sure it’s that important to model them. The corps commanders (i.e. players) really weren’t very concerned with the exact make-up of their tank mixes. They were more focused on the basic combat power of the tank brigades as a whole entity. However, if players do want to field these light tank companies and they want to paint tons of light Soviet tanks (and I know some will), I'm happy to provide the numbers. Just be aware that the Germans might focus all their fire on them because they’re easy pickings and cause disproportionate morale point damage to the Soviets.

2. Leadership. One of the neat aspects of FOBWW2 is the use of the Command die. A good Command die can be used to gain extra movement segments on Move cards, but it can also be used on the Command and Control cards to unsuppress units and more importantly, rally back lost strength points.

Lost strength points represent more than just killed, wounded, and destroyed vehicles. They represent infantry men who have lost the will to fight, lost a key leader who must be replaced, units that have run out of ammunition or fuel, vehicles that need maintenance or repair, personnel who need to recover from fatigue, and many other factors that can impact the combat effectiveness of fighting units.

The German battalions were well-led, their troops were motivated and well-trained, and the German recovery crews did an incredible job of getting damaged tanks back into action. Very few German tanks were knocked out of action for more than a day or two. To reflect this advantage, the Germans have very high command dice (D12).

The Soviet troops in general had poor communication. The few radios that they did have often became inoperable after the concussion of artillery rounds or near misses. The Soviets conducted an internal investigation into the causes of the high tank casualties at Prokhorovka after the battle. The investigation was very critical and highlighted some of the following defects:

• poor dissemination of mission-critical information down to subordinate commanders,
• the lack of pre-attack reconnaissance by tank commanders,
• the inability of brigade and division commanders to maintain control of their armored elements or even know where they were,
• poor control by company commanders who literally led their formations from the front and thus found it difficult to control their own formations,
• poor use of terrain for avenues of approach to reduce the impact of AT weapons on attacking elements
• poor use of artillery preparation against enemy AT defenses.

Not a great evaluation of the Soviet leadership. In my mind, the tank commanders earn a pretty poor D8 command die. This low command rating also makes it much harder for the Soviets to rally back their tank strength points, reflecting their inferior ability to recover and repair damaged vehicles.

I did want to give the Soviet infantry some of that stubborn, resolute peasant quality that Russian infantry has been famous for, so I rated the infantry commands as a D10 command die. Even the Germans were impressed by the defensive determination exhibited by the Soviet infantry during the Kursk campaign.

3. Tank-riders!! I think they are cool and a bunch of infantry piled on the back of a T-34 is definitely an iconic image of the Eastern Front, but when I tried to write rules for tank-riding, it became either too powerful a game mechanism or required 200 words of rules just to clarify all of the possible things that might happen. In the end, I decided to just let the rules handle tank-riding.

During the game, if an infantry unit rolls 3 movement segments, it can move 24”! That’s a lot of walking when you consider all of the equipment an infantry company brings with it. So, if the infantry company rolls 2 or 3 movement segments, I just assume that they ended up hitching a ride on some tanks somewhere along the way.

If you don’t like that answer and insist that you have to have a freaking tank-riding rule, you might want to treat them like truck-mounted infantry for all combat purposes, but allow them to mount and dismount during the day turns like halftracks. There!! Are you happy now?!

4. Soviet defenses. There are several different types of Soviet defenses that the Germans will have the pleasure of encountering during their attack. The two biggest defenses are the anti-tank ditch and the anti-tank minefields. I made a design decision and gave the Soviet player the option of where to place the minefields and AT ditches. Even more annoying for the Germans, the Soviets don’t have to decide on the location of the AT ditch until they see where the Germans are on that morning turn.

Some German players might think that’s pretty gamey, but let’s really examine what the situation was at the time. The Soviets had been preparing the defenses in the Kursk area for months before the attack. Their engineers knew the lay of the land and were specifically focused on obstructing terrain that was ideal for armored movement.

The chances are that as the German tanks attack during the scenario, the little 10mm tank commanders would naturally move along the best terrain for their little 10mm tanks. What to us giant players looks like a flat green terrain board is actually a rolling prairie crossed with small gullies, ravines, dips, washes, runs, and ridges! So when the Soviet player plops that AT ditch down right in front of the spot where the German player’s main armored thrust stopped moving the night before, we can soothe our sense of historical realism and explain to the fuming German player that the Soviet engineers would have definitely obstructed such an obvious approach route for the tanks.

As for the minefields, I don’t make an effort to hide them from the Germans. Minefields the size of these fields would have been very apparent to German scouting parties so surprise is not the issue here. The minefields are intended to delay the German tanks. The German can always just drive through them and take his chances, but the cautious player will call up the engineers and make that minefield-clearing Engineering roll.

It’s important to place these obstacles where they are at least observed, but even better yet, under effective direct fire from Soviet defenses. They should also be more than 5” from Soviet defenders to keep the Germans outside of Close Assault range. Even if the Germans gamble, leave their armor behind and close assault with just their infantry, the unsupported infantry will be vulnerable to close assaults from Soviet armor.

And finally, it’s important to not block your own Soviet armor with your obstacles. Leave a good, defended route through your obstacles so you can sally forth into close assault range where the T-34’s can fight on a more equal footing with the German tanks.

The final Soviet defense is one that is probably the most annoying for the Germans: the AT bunker companies. These bunkers represent destroyer anti-tank artillery regiments in heavy entrenchments. They also present the Germans attackers with the kind of fortified anti-tank defenses the Soviets installed in the defensive belts established throughout the Kursk salient. The bunkers have 180 degree fire arcs, never surrender or fall back, fire using artillery templates, and have Class III cover. When placed on a hill, these bunkers can be very difficult to destroy with direct fire.

They have one weakness. They are very average in close assaults. If you leave your AT bunkers unsupported by other nearby defending infantry units, they will be overwhelmed and destroyed. An excellent defense is an AT bunker on the top of a hill with defending infantry companies dug in on the hill below it. The infantry companies block close assaulters and the bunker can fire over the infantry at targets that are further away.

5. Merely a gameplay suggestion: I use two stand units to represent the companies in the game. When a unit is “dug in”, I reduce it to 1 stand to show its new status.